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The Echizen Japanese paper has a long history, in the 4–5 century the paper was reported in Japan, it has been left in the ancient documents of “Shosoin” who had crowded the paper in Fukui Prefecture Echizen. Higher than 1500 years before the request is to have responded with high technology. High technology of craftsmen built by the inquisitive to the new technology and hard work that Persistent, leading to now. It is said to Echizen Japanese paper in Japan of handmade Japanese paper, to make the largest Japanese paper. Its work is carried out in a work called “Nagasisuki” and “Tamesuki”. Work of this large-format sum papermaking is performed by the two people of the craftsman. Skilled artisans to indicate from the beginning of the work to determine the can of the product end. And the working process of a large-sized paper in this study, the behavior analysis of the skilled person performs, an object of the present invention is to analyze the differences in behavior of a person skilled two people.

In the paper of the world, there is a word “Jiai” the evaluation criteria of the paper. It is expressed as “Jiai is good” a good paper. Fiber dispersion state of the “Jiai”, Unevenness is felt visually when the light is transmitted, or it refers to the characteristic expressions such as uniformity of the paper. In general, the Japan Federation of Printing Industries” Symmetry degree of fibrous tissue that make up the paper. Look through the paper on the entire surface is a good thing symmetry “Jiai”. That there is a partial thickness thin non-uniformity is bad “Jiai”. It is defined as. Among the evaluation of “Echizen Washi” Japanese traditionalpaper, the total thickness of the paper refers to the uniformity of such density. In this experiment, the method of evaluation of handmade “Washi” Japanese traditional paper, Comparative study the evaluation criteria, Whether to the evaluation of what kind of Japanese paper by evaluators for the purpose.

In this study, the chopped carbon fibers and jute fibers were used to fabricate hybrid paperboard. The paper making process was used. Combined with unsaturated polyester resin, paperboard fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), carbon hybrid FRP and jute hybrid FRP were fabricated and the mechanical property included tensile test, bending test and Izod impact test were carried out to compared the mechanical property of these three kinds of materials. The drilled holes tensile test was also carried out to examine the drilled holes property. Scanning electron microscope was employed to observe the fracture characteristic on failure specimens. It was found due to the manufacture process of paperboard, the materials expressed obvious anisotropic property. The paperboard composite has an excellent static property but lower impact property compared with carbon hybrid FRP.

Paper tubes are usually produced by expert workers who are trained from experience. The manufacture technology can also be developed by this empirical rule. The so-called expert is non-expert person who is trained in the daily working and improve the technology by himself. It is a task for middle and small-sized enterprises in how to train the workers in a short time effectively. This is not only for paper tubes production, but also for a small factory on how to inherit its technology in a short time effectively. The objective of this is to analyze the motion for paper tubes fabricating by observe difference between expert and non-expert at work site as one of “Great master’s work” in middle and small-sized enterprises.

According to the report in May, 2015 by Japan Paper Recycling Promotion Center, quantity of paper and paperboard product in Japan decreases is about 18% from 2007 to 2014. Japanese quantity of waste paper in 2014 is 21750000ton, the rate of collected waste paper is 80.8%. Nevertheless Japanese consumption of waste paper is 17190000ton, the rate of utilizing waste paper is 63.9%. It means that quantity of collected waste paper become bigger than quantity of utilizing waste paper, a lot of waste-paper is exported to East Asia (especially China). Balance of waste paper demand and supply in Japan has already broken. It could be expected that waste paper will be collected more and more, but it is difficult to solve the problem that all domestic collected waste paper is used, in order to increasing phenomenon of helpful to recycle, energy saving, environmental protection movement. It is considered that the usage of paper tube need to be expanded which is produced by waste paper. Paper tube has been widely applied in many areas, such as packaging industry, film rolls, adhesive-tape industry, furniture decoration, temporary structures in building and so on. For example churches could be made from paper. The mechanical property of paper tube need to be investigated to get wide application. At current study, the mechanical property of 8 kinds of paperboards for paper tubes fabrication were investigated included tension, compression and peeling properties combining with anisotropic property. These kinds of paperboards have different mechanical properties but same dimension. By this method, the effects of different properties including tension, compression and peeling on mechanical property of paper tubes could be evaluated. A series of paper tubes with different layers was fabricated and the lateral compression test was carried out and evaluated. The fracture form of paper tubes and fracture position on paper tubes were discussed together with paperboards properties. The cause of delamination behavior of laminated paper was analysis based on the detailed observation and finite element analysis. From fracture process, it was found that the main fracture of paper tube is delamination during lateral compression action which was considered peeling action has a big influence. According to this phenomenon, acoustic emission (AE) and observation of peeling paperboard were conducted.

Paper recycling is an effective way in reducing deforestation and energy consumption. Therefore recycling paper and paper products has been widely applied in many areas, such as packaging industry, film rolls, adhesive-tape industry, furniture decoration and temporary structures in building. They can be produced into various structure according to different requirement, such as paper tube, corrugated paperboard and normal paperboard. Paper-tubes gain more and more applications as a traditional structure due to their excellent mechanical property and environmentally friendly property. In order to meet various needs of paper-tube and produce high performance paper-tubes, designing for paper-tubes fabrication is needed. It is necessary to research the lateral compression strength of paper tube because various paper-tubes are used as packages, cores, poles and structure materials. To establish a relation of mechanical property between paperboards and paper-tubes is an important aspect. The current study is to investigate this relation. Paperboards are built from cellulose fibers jointed by hydrogen bonds and some additional elements like talc. The fibers are distributed randomly on the paperboards. However due to the tension action during fabrication process, more fibers are distributed in machine rolling direction which is defined as machine direction (MD, TD for transverse direction). The material expresses obvious anisotropic property. On the other hand, due to the laminated structure of paper materials, it is possible to generate interlaminar fracture in the usage process, especially in the construction made of paper such as paper tubes. The mechanical property of three kinds of paperboards used for paper-tubes fabrication was investigated included tension, compression and peeling combining with anisotropic property. These three kinds of paperboards have different mechanical properties but same dimension for paper-tubes fabrications. By this method, the effects of different properties including tension, compression and peeling on mechanical property of paper-tube could be evaluated. A series of paper-tubes with different layers was fabricated and the lateral compression test was carried out and evaluated. The fracture form of paper-tubes and fracture position on paper-tube were discussed together with paperboards. The cause of delamination behavior of laminated paper was analysis based on the detailed observation. The optical observation were employed to evaluate the fracture properties of paper-tubes after lateral compression test. It was found that the initial fracture of paper-tubes occurred inside the paperboards rather than between layers and the peeling property of paperboard has a signification effects on lateral compression property of paper-tubes.

This study is to clarify technique of expert in Kyo Karakami manufacturing by using process analysis and the eye motion analysis. Kyo Karakami manufacturing consists of “Some” process and “Kata-oshi” process. “Some” process and “Kata-oshi” process divided by 4 and 5 phases, respectively. From interview to expert, “Some” process divided by 3 steps. In “Some” process, expert worked almost same time at each steps. In “Kata-oshi” process, expert gave time “phase a” which provide total working time shortening.

Recycled paper is helpful to reduce trash discharge, save resource and cost. Tube is one of the most common structures of recycled paper in application. It is an excellent choice for packing. It’s also used in the construction of temporary structures for both exhibition spaces or for rapid-recovery shelters in emergency operations. As paper tubes are laminated by paperboards which are inherent anisotropy materials, the researches on mechanical property and fracture behavior became complicated. In the current study, paperboards used for paper tubes were tested on universal testing machine to investigate their basis mechanical properties. Then, paper tubes fabricated with different kinds of paperboard and number of ply were used to investigate lateral compressive properties by Instron universal testing machine. And, a camera was employed to record the fracture process of paper tube during compression process. The fracture mechanism of paper tubes were discussed and analyzed during compressed process based on the load-displacement curves and detailed observation. Additionally, ls-dyna software was used to conduct numerical simulation and analyze stress distribution of paper tube during lateral compression.Copyright © 2014 by ASME

Paper recycling is an effective way in reducing deforestation and energy consumption. Therefore recycling paper and paper products has been widely applied in many areas, such as packaging industry, furniture decoration, temporary structures in building and so on. Paper products are made from plant fibers and they are laminated materials. So it is of possible to generate interlaminar fracture in the use of paper products, especially in the construction made of paper such as paper tubes which have been used widely. In order to improve the interlaminar performance of paper products and then improve the construction performance of paper products, delamination behavior of laminated paper has been studied in this paper. By a series of peel tests, comparative analysis about different paperboard were carried out. The cause of delamination behavior of laminated paper was analysis based on the detailed observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).Copyright © 2014 by ASME

Recycled paper and plastics are widely used in current society. Recycled paper is very helpful to reduce waste emissions and energy consumption, saving resource and cost and environment protection. Recycled paper tube is one of the most successful cases in application of recycled paper. Plastics and Recycled paper are excellent choices for packing materials. They are also used to construct temporary structures for both exhibition spaces or for rapid-recovery shelters in emergency operations. As paper tubes are laminated composite materials composited of paperboard which is inherent anisotropy materials, the research on mechanical property and fracture behavior becomes more complicated. In order to analyze deformation and fracture behavior of paper tube and paper tube laminated combined with polymer under lateral compressive load, both the paper tube and hybrid paper tube which was dipped in to the thermosets resin were tested and compared. The energy analysis was also conducted here.Copyright © 2014 by ASME

Recycled paper is helpful to reduce trash discharge, save resource and cost. Recycled paper tube is one of the most successful cases in application of recycled paper. It is an excellent choice for packing. It’s also used in the construction of temporary structures for both exhibition spaces or for rapid-recovery shelters in emergency operations. As paper tubes are laminated composite materials composited of paperboard which is inherent anisotropy materials, the research on mechanical property and fracture behavior becomes more complicated. In order to analyze deformation and fracture behavior of paper tubes under lateral compressive load, six types of paper tube fabricated with different kinds of paperboard and number of ply were examined in this study. The six types included three different kinds of paperboard. Cracks propagation was observed through lateral compression test process. At the same time, energy absorption in elastic stage was discussed between different paper tubes.Copyright © 2013 by ASME

The influence of foreign salt, the basicity or the acidity of macroions and the equivalency of the number of ionic groups of macrocations and macroanions upon alternate multiple adsorption on surfaces of colloidal silica (CS91, 110 nm in diameter) and polystyrene spheres (D1A19, 220 nm) have been studied by electrophoretic light scattering measurements. The macrocations used were poly(4-vinyl-N-n-butyl pyridinium bromide (C4PVP, strongly basic), poly(4-vinyl-N-ethyl pyridinium bromide (C2PVP, strongly basic) and poly(allylamine) (PAL, weakly basic). Sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) (NaPSS, strongly acidic) and sodium polyacrylate (NaPAA, weakly acidic) were used as macroanions. The alternate adsorption disappears even in the presence of a small amount of sodium chloride. The alternate multiple adsorption takes place on the addition of C4PVP first and NaPSS next, PAL first and NaPAA next, NaPAA first and C4PVP next, and NaPAA first and PAL next on the CS91 spheres. The influence of the equivalency of the number of ionic groups of C2PVP and NaPAA has been studied for the adsorption on the D1A19 spheres. The synchronous delicate balancing of the electrostatic interactions among the macrocations, the macroanions and the surfaces of the colloidal spheres is important for the alternate multiple adsorption.

We found hysteresis in Josephson current when sufficiently strong magnetic field Hz is applied in the direction perpendicular to the junction plane. This is because the magnetic flux is trapped in a superconducting thin film. So, we fabricated the simplified vibrating sample magnetometer, and we have measured the trapped magnetic flux in Nb superconducting thin film by vibrating the sample near the search coil. When a perpendicular magnetic field Hz was applied to the sample, many vortices were trapped in the perimeter of the sample. However, when a perpendicular applied magnetic field Hz was removed, many vortices were trapped in the central part of the sample. Furthermore, we confirmed that Josephson current was modulated by the parallel magnetic field generated by the vortices.